O-H bonds in water molecules absorb infrared radiation at specific wavelengths. The instrument utilizes a rotating filter wheel equipped with O-H infrared filters to collect both absorbed and non-absorbed wavelengths. The light reflected by the product, including the absorbed wavelengths, is then collected by the optical components inside the probe. The pulses formed by this reflected light are calculated at a specific ratio to determine the moisture/oil coating content. These estimated data are then processed through data factors and compensation to obtain direct percentage readings of moisture and oil coating content. Compensation, mainly caused by aging optical components or varying product reflectivity, is implemented in the algorithm of the filter wheel reflectance values.